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Diabetes Care, Vol 2, Issue 2 131-141, Copyright © 1979 by American Diabetes Association
Relationship of glucose tolerance and plasma insulin to the incidence of coronary heart disease: results from two population studies in Finland
K Pyorala
The relationship of glucose tolerance to the incidence of coronary heart
disease (CHD) has been investigated in two cohorts of Finnish men: 3267 men
ages 40--59 yr from the Social Insurance Institution's (SII) Coronary Heart
Disease Study and 1059 men ages 30--59 yr from the Helsinki Policemen
Study. The relationship of plasma insulin level to the incidence of CHD was
also investigated in the Helsinki Policemen Study. An oral glucose lead of
60, 75, or 90 g according to body surface area was used in both studies. In
the SII Study, plasma glucose was determined from venous blood samples
taken 1 h after glucose load. In the Helsinki Policemen Study, blood
glucose was determined from venous blood samples taken at 0, 1, and 2 h,
and at a 5-yr reexamination, plasma insulin was measured during OGTT at 0,
1, 2 h. In the SII Study cohort, the 4-yr mortality from CHD and the 4-yr
incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) did not show a definite
relationship to 1-h postload plasma glucose. In the Helsinki Policemen
Study cohort, the 5-yr incidence of "hard criteria" CHD (CHD death and
nonfatal MI) was significantly related to high 1-h postload blood glucose
level but not to fasting or 2-h postload blood glucose levels. 10-yr
mortality from CHD was significantly higher in the top quintile of fasting
and 1- and 2-h postload blood glucose levels, as was the incidence of "hard
criteria" CHD. However, in multivariate analyses including age, systolic
blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, and smoking, the blood glucose
variables showed no statistically significant independent contribution in
predicted risk of CHD. Univariate analyses by quintiles of plasma insulin
levels measured at the 5-yr reexamination showed that the incidence of
"hard criteria" CHD during the subsequent 5 yr was significantly higher in
the top quintiles of fasting and 1-h and 2-h postload plasma insulin than
in the combined lower quintiles. Multivariate analyses showed that the
value of high 1-h or 2-h postload plasma insulin level for predicting CHD
risk was independent of other risk factors, including blood glucose levels
during OGTT.

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