Diabetes Care, Vol 20, Issue 5 811-818, Copyright © 1997 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

Psychological adjustment to IDDM: 10-year follow-up of an onset cohort of child and adolescent patients

AM Jacobson, ST Hauser, JB Willett, JI Wolfsdorf, R Dvorak, L Herman and M de Groot
Department of Psychiatry, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA. ajacobso@joslin.harvard.edu

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychological adjustment of young adults with IDDM in comparison with similarly aged individuals without chronic illness. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: An onset cohort of young adults (n = 57), ages 19-26 years, who have been followed over a 10-year period since diagnosis, was compared with a similarly aged group of young adults identified at the time of a moderately severe, acute illness (n = 54) and followed over the same 10-year period. The groups were assessed at 10-year follow-up in terms of 1) sociodemographic indices (e.g., schooling, employment, delinquent activities, drug use), 2) psychiatric symptoms, and 3) perceived competence. In addition, IDDM patients were examined for longitudinal change in adjustment to diabetes. RESULTS: The groups differed only minimally in terms of sociodemographic indices, with similar rates of high school graduation, post-high school education, employment, and drug use. The IDDM group reported fewer criminal convictions and fewer non-diabetes-related illness episodes than the comparison group. There were no differences in psychiatric symptoms. However, IDDM patients reported lower perceived competence, with specific differences found on the global self-worth, sociability, physical appearance, being an adequate provider, and humor subscales. The IDDM patients reported improving adjustment to their diabetes over the course of the 10-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the young adults with IDDM appeared to be as psychologically well adjusted as the young adults without a chronic illness. There were, however, indications of lower self-esteem in the IDDM patients that could either portend or predispose them to risk for future depression or other difficulties in adaptation.
CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. M. Butler, M. Skinner, D. Gelfand, C. A. Berg, and D. J. Wiebe Maternal Parenting Style and Adjustment in Adolescents with Type I Diabetes J. Pediatr. Psychol., November 1, 2007; 32(10): 1227 - 1237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. J. Cameron, E. A. Northam, G. R. Ambler, and D. Daneman Routine Psychological Screening in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents: A notion whose time has come? Diabetes Care, October 1, 2007; 30(10): 2716 - 2724. [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. K. Hood, S. Huestis, A. Maher, D. Butler, L. Volkening, and L. M.B. Laffel Depressive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Association with diabetes-specific characteristics. Diabetes Care, June 1, 2006; 29(6): 1389 - 1389. [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. G. Bender Risk Taking, Depression, Adherence, and Symptom Control in Adolescents and Young Adults with Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 1, 2006; 173(9): 953 - 957. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. P. Laing, M. E. Jones, A. J. Swerdlow, A. C. Burden, and W. Gatling Psychosocial and Socioeconomic Risk Factors for Premature Death in Young People With Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Care, July 1, 2005; 28(7): 1618 - 1623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J. Leonard, Y.-P. Jang, K. Savik, and M. A. Plumbo Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Family Functioning and Metabolic Control Journal of Family Nursing, May 1, 2005; 11(2): 102 - 121. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J-C Suris, P-A Michaud, and R Viner The adolescent with a chronic condition. Part I: developmental issues Arch. Dis. Child., October 1, 2004; 89(10): 938 - 942. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Maharaj, D. Daneman, M. Olmsted, and G. Rodin Metabolic Control in Adolescent Girls: Links to relationality and the female sense of self Diabetes Care, March 1, 2004; 27(3): 709 - 715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Fox, R. S. Chen, and C. S. Holmes Gender Differences in Memory and Learning in Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) over a 4-year Follow-up Interval J. Pediatr. Psychol., December 1, 2003; 28(8): 569 - 578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Jack Jr. Biopsychosocial Factors Affecting Metabolic Control Among Female Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Spectr, July 1, 2003; 16(3): 154 - 159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. S. Bryden, D. B. Dunger, R. A. Mayou, R. C. Peveler, and H. A. W. Neil Poor Prognosis of Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A longitudinal study Diabetes Care, April 1, 2003; 26(4): 1052 - 1057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Daneman, G. Rodin, J. Jones, P. Colton, A. Rydall, S. Maharaj, and M. Olmsted Eating Disorders in Adolescent Girls and Young Adult Women With Type 1 Diabetes Diabetes Spectr, April 1, 2002; 15(2): 83 - 105. [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. S. Bryden, R. C. Peveler, A. Stein, A. Neil, R. A. Mayou, and D. B. Dunger Clinical and Psychological Course of Diabetes From Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A longitudinal cohort study Diabetes Care, September 1, 2001; 24(9): 1536 - 1540. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Delamater, A. M. Jacobson, B. Anderson, D. Cox, L. Fisher, P. Lustman, R. Rubin, and T. Wysocki Psychosocial Therapies in Diabetes: Report of the Psychosocial Therapies Working Group Diabetes Care, July 1, 2001; 24(7): 1286 - 1292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Gledhill, L. Rangel, and E. Garralda Current topic: Surviving chronic physical illness: psychosocial outcome in adult life Arch. Dis. Child., August 1, 2000; 83(2): 104 - 110. [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. A. Obeidallah, S. T. Hauser, and A. M. Jacobson The Long Branch of Phase-Environment Fit: Concurrent and Longitudinal Implications of Match and Mismatch Among Diabetic and Nondiabetic Youth Journal of Adolescent Research, January 1, 1999; 14(1): 95 - 121. [Abstract] [PDF]

				E. A. Warner, G. S. Greene, M. S. Buchsbaum, D. S. Cooper, and B. E. Robinson Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated With Cocaine Use Arch Intern Med, September 14, 1998; 158(16): 1799 - 1802. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]