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Diabetes Care, Vol 21, Issue 6 902-908, Copyright © 1998 by American Diabetes Association
Short-term effects of coping skills training as adjunct to intensive therapy in adolescents
M Grey, EA Boland, M Davidson, C Yu, S Sullivan-Bolyai and WV Tamborlane
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, Connecticut 06536-0740, USA. margaret.grey@yale.edu
OBJECTIVE: Given the urgent need to develop effective programs that improve
the ability for adolescents to achieve metabolic control equivalent to
programs studied in the Diabetes. Control and Complications Trial, we have
undertaken a clinical trial to determine if a behavioral intervention
(coping skills training [CST]) combined with intensive diabetes management
can improve metabolic control and quality of life in adolescents
implementing intensive therapy regimens. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A
total of 65 youths between the ages of 13 and 20 years, who elected to
initiate intensive insulin therapy, were randomly assigned to one of two
groups: the intensive management with CST group and the intensive
management without CST group. CST consists of a series of small group
efforts designed to teach adolescents the coping skills of social
problem-solving, social skills training, cognitive behavior modification,
and conflict resolution. Data were collected at pre-intervention and at 3
months following the use of the Self-Efficacy for Diabetes scale,
Children's Depression Inventory, Issues in Coping with IDDM scale, and the
Diabetes Quality of Life: Youth scale. Clinical data (HbA1c, adverse
effects) were collected monthly. RESULTS: The experimental and control
groups were comparable on all measures at baseline. Results show that
adolescents who received CST had lower HbA1c and better diabetes
self-efficacy and were less upset about coping with diabetes than
adolescents receiving intensive management alone. In addition, adolescents
who received the CST found it easier to cope with diabetes and experienced
less of a negative impact of diabetes on quality of life than those who did
not receive CST. CONCLUSIONS: CST is useful in improving not only an
adolescent's metabolic control, but also their quality of life. As more
pediatric providers aim for improved control, in adolescents with diabetes,
the addition of this behavioral intervention may be helpful in achieving
metabolic and life goals.

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Copyright © 1998 by the American Diabetes Association.
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