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Diabetes Care, Vol 22, Issue 1 19-26, Copyright © 1999 by American Diabetes Association
Prediction of cardiovascular events in clinically selected high-risk NIDDM patients. Prognostic value of exercise stress test and thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography
G Vanzetto, S Halimi, T Hammoud, D Fagret, PY Benhamou, D Cordonnier, B Denis and J Machecourt
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Grenoble, France. gerald.vanzetto@ujf-grenoble.fr
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the prognostic value of an exercise stress test and
thallium-201 scintigraphy for the prediction of cardiac events in selected
high-risk NIDDM patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: NIDDM patients (n =
158, 105 men, aged 63 +/- 9 years) with two or more of the following
criteria were prospectively included: age > or = 65 years, active
smoking, hypertension > 160/95 mmHg, hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol
> 5.70 mmol/l or LDL > 3.10 mmol/l), peripheral artery disease,
abnormal rest electrocardiogram, or microalbuminuria (20-200
micrograms/min). An exercise-stress scintigraphy was performed in 77
patients able to exercise, while a dipyridamole scintigraphy was performed
in 80 patients unable to exercise. Follow-up was 23 +/- 17 months. Major
end points were cardiac deaths or nonfatal myocardial infarction. RESULTS:
The annual event rate was 7.31% (deaths: 8, myocardial infarction: 14).
Independent predictors of events were as follows: an age > 60 (P =
0.02), an abnormal rest electrocardiogram (P = 0.02), microalbuminuria (P =
0.001), the inability to exercise (P = 0.009), and the presence of more
than two defects on scintigraphy (P = 0.001). A cardiac death occurred in
1.3% of patients able to exercise versus 8.8% of patients unable to
exercise (odds ratio = 6.8, P = 0.001). Among patients unable to exercise,
large perfusion defects corresponded to an annual mortality rate of 22.3%.
Conversely, the negative predictive value of a normal scintigraphy for the
occurrence of death was 97%. CONCLUSIONS: Inability to exercise and large
perfusion defects on thallium-201 scan are major predictors of future death
and myocardial infarction in high-risk NIDDM patients.

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Copyright © 1999 by the American Diabetes Association.
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