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Diabetes Care, Vol 23, Issue 4 533-538, Copyright © 2000 by American Diabetes Association
Ambulatory blood pressure, microalbuminuria, and autonomic neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
AR Lafferty, GA Werther and CF Clarke
Centre for Hormone Research, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia. laffertap@netscape.net
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between 24-h blood pressure (BP)
measurements, urinary albumin excretion rates, and autonomic neuropathy
(AN) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A
total of 31 patients with microalbuminuria (MA), 20 patients with
intermittent MA (I-MA) and 11 patients with persistent MA (P-MA) were
identified from the diabetes clinics at two major Australian tertiary care
pediatric hospitals. Two control groups were used; one consisted of 19
age-, sex-, and diabetes duration-matched adolescents with normoalbuminuria
(NA), and the other consisted of 46 age- and sex-matched nondiabetic
control subjects. A medical history and physical examination were followed
by a series of noninvasive tests of cardiovascular and pupillary autonomic
function and then by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).
RESULTS: ABPM showed an incremental increase in all BP parameters from
nondiabetic control subjects through subjects with NA. A parallel
incremental increase in diurnal and nocturnal ambulatory heart rates was
also evident. Subjects with MA had significantly reduced pupillary
adaptation to darkness compared with nondiabetic subjects and subjects with
NA. The above results paralleled an incremental increase in HbAlc levels in
adolescents with type 1 diabetes from subjects with NA to subjects with
P-MA. CONCLUSIONS: Higher 24-h BP values and evidence of subclinical signs
of AN are present before P-MA develops and may have important implications
for timing the introduction of treatments designed to prevent or retard the
microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes in adolescents.

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Copyright © 2000 by the American Diabetes Association.
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