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Diabetes Care, Vol 23, Issue 5 579-582, Copyright © 2000 by American Diabetes Association
Use of insulin pump therapy at nighttime only for children 7-10 years of age with type 1 diabetes
FR Kaufman, M Halvorson, C Kim and P Pitukcheewanont
Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, USA. fkaufman@chla.usc.edu
OBJECTIVE: Because of age-related developmental and cognitive issues,
children <10 years of age may not be able to wear an insulin pump safely
when they are not under direct parental supervision. The purpose of this
study was to determine if insulin pump therapy at nighttime only, when
children are at home, could improve fasting and nighttime blood glucose
levels without adverse effects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study
cohort consisted of 10 children aged 7-10 years. A randomized crossover
design was used to compare nighttime-only pump usage from dinner and
throughout the night, combined with a prebreakfast injection of
intermediate-acting NPH and rapid-acting lispro insulin, with 3 insulin
injections per day. Comparisons were made among mean blood glucose values
and percentage of blood glucose levels within the target range (70-150
mg/dl) before meals, at bedtime, and at 3:00 A.M.; serum fructosamine
levels; and scores on measures of adherence and fear of hypoglycemia.
RESULTS: Compared with baseline levels, the use of the pump resulted in a
significant decrease in the mean average (P < 0.001), breakfast (P <
0.0001), and 3:00 A.M. (P < 0.003) blood glucose levels. There was a
decrease in the percentage of blood glucose values less than the target
range (P < 0.01) and in fructosamine (P < 0.01) values and an
increase in the percentage of blood glucose levels within the target range
(P < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Nighttime-only insulin pump therapy may be a
viable alternative that young children can use to improve glycemia when
they are not capable of independently managing an insulin pump.

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Copyright © 2000 by the American Diabetes Association.
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