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Adequacy of Glycemic Control in Hemodialysis Patients With Diabetes

From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Eduard A. Iliescu, Queen’s University, 2058 Etherington Hall, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6. E-mail: eai1{at}post.queensu.ca

OBJECTIVE—We sought to measure the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control in prevalent hemodialysis patients with diabetes and to examine independent predictors of inadequate glycemic control in these patients.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This is a cross-sectional study of prevalent hemodialysis patients with diabetes in southeastern Ontario (n = 100). Data were collected by chart review and interview. The outcome variable was inadequate glycemic control defined as HbA_1c (A1C) >0.07. Other measured variables were diabetes type, diabetes duration, diabetes physician, blood glucose monitoring, diabetes medications, BMI, time on dialysis, and other demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables.

RESULTS—Fifty-four patients had A1C >0.07. In bivariate analysis, these patients had a longer diabetes duration (23.6 vs.14.7 years, P < 0.001), higher proportion with insulin use (81.5 vs. 58.7%, P = 0.012), higher proportion with microvascular complications (66.7 vs. 43.5%, P = 0.017), and lower erythropoietin (EPO) dose (7.0 vs. 11.9 x 10³ units/week, P < 0.01) than patients with adequate glycemic control. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of macrovascular complications (59.3 vs. 65.2%, P = 0.54). In multiple logistic regression controlling for age and diabetes type, the diabetes duration (odds ratio 1.09 [95% CI 1.04–1.15], P < 0.001), EPO dose (0.90 [0.85–0.97], P < 0.01), and blood glucose monitoring (10.06 [1.03–98.74], P = 0.05) were the only significant independent predictors of A1C >0.07.

CONCLUSIONS—A high proportion of hemodialysis patients with diabetes had inadequate glycemic control, particularly those with longstanding disease. Patients with inadequate glycemic control had a significantly higher burden of microvascular complications.

Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease • DCCT, Diabetes Control and Complications Trial • EPO, erythropoietin • ESKD, end-stage kidney disease • KGH, Kingston General Hospital • UKPDS, U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study

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Blood Glucose Control in Patients With Diabetes and Kidney Failure