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Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Korea

Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001

¹ Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
² Division of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
³ Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
⁴ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
⁵ Department of Family Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
⁶ Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Kyung Mook Choi, MD, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 80 Guro-Dong, Guro-Gu, Seoul 152-050, Korea. E-mail: medica7{at}korea.ac.kr

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and their association with risk factors in the Korean population.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001 was a nationally representative survey with a stratified multistage sampling design. Data from a comprehensive questionnaire, a physical examination, and blood tests were obtained from 5,844 Korean adults (2,513 men and 3,331 women) aged >20 years.

RESULTS—The age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes in this Korean population was 7.6%, and the age-adjusted prevalences of previously diagnosed diabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes were 4.4 and 3.3%, respectively (fasting plasma glucose 7.0 mmol/l). Overall, these results indicate that 8.1% or 1.4 million Korean men and 7.5% or 1.3 million Korean women have diabetes. The age-adjusted prevalence of IFG was 23.9%, using the new American Diabetes Association criteria (fasting plasma glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/l). Diabetes prevalence increased with age and peaked in the oldest age-group; however, IFG prevalence did not show the same trend. Diabetes was found to be associated with age, BMI, blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, education levels, alcohol consumption, exercise, and a family history of diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS—This study shows that diabetes and IFG are common in Korea, and about one-half of diabetes cases remain undiagnosed. These results emphasize the need to develop an urgent public program to improve the detection, prevention, and treatment of diabetes.

Abbreviations: ADA, American Diabetes Association • IFG, impaired fasting glucose • KNHNS, Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey • OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test • WHO, World Health Organization

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