HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager patientINFORMation Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Weickert, M. O. Articles by Pfeiffer, A. F.H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Weickert, M. O. Articles by Pfeiffer, A. F.H. Social Bookmarking                What's this?

Cereal Fiber Improves Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight and Obese Women

¹ Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
² Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-University-Medicine, Berlin, Germany
³ Department of Medicine, University Hospital Innenstadt, Munich, Germany
⁴ Dietary Fiber and the Metabolic Syndrome Laboratory, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Martin O. Weickert, Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, A.-Scheunert-Allee 155, Charitè Campus Benjamin Franklin, Nuthetal 14558, Germany. E-mail: m.weickert{at}mail.dife.de

OBJECTIVE—Cereal fiber intake is linked to reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in epidemiological observations. The pathogenic background of this phenomenon is unknown. Based on recent findings, we hypothesized that intake of purified insoluble oat fiber may improve whole-body insulin sensitivity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A randomized, controlled, single-blind, cross-over study was performed, and 17 overweight or obese subjects with normal glucose metabolism were analyzed. After consumption of nine macronutrient-matched portions of fiber-enriched bread (white bread enriched with 31.2 g insoluble fiber/day) or control (white bread) over a time period of 72 h, whole-body insulin sensitivity was assessed by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Energy intake was individually adjusted by providing standardized liquid meals. Hydrogen breath tests were performed to control for dietary adherence.

RESULTS—When analyzing the entire cohort, whole-body glucose disposal was improved after fiber consumption (M value 6.56 ± 0.32 vs. 6.07 ± 0.27 mg · min^–1 · kg^–1; P = 0.043). Thirteen subjects had increased hydrogen breath test concentrations after fiber consumption, indicating probable dietary adherence. Restricting analysis to these subjects, improvements in M value (6.85 ± 0.34 vs. 6.06 ± 0.32 mg · min^–1 · kg^–1; P = 0.003) and insulin sensitivity, expressed as M/I ratio (M value divided by mean serum insulin at steady state: 3.73 ± 0.23 vs. 3.21 ± 0.27; P = 0.02), after fiber consumption were more pronounced. Plasma lipids, serum magnesium, ghrelin, and adiponectin concentrations, as well as substrate utilization and body weight, were not significantly changed by fiber intake (P > 0.15).

CONCLUSIONS—Increased insoluble dietary fiber intake for 3 days significantly improved whole-body insulin sensitivity. These data suggest a potential mechanism linking cereal fiber intake and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.

Abbreviations: REE, resting energy expenditure

CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

Find additional patient-related information at:

More Evidence That a Diet High in Fiber Can Lower the Risk for Type 2 Diabetes