Diabetes Care
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Diabetes Care 29:1227-1230, 2006
DOI: 10.2337/dc05-2318
© 2006 by the American Diabetes Association
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Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition
Original Article

Dietary Fat Intake Predicts 1-Year Change in Body Fat in Adolescent Girls With Type 1 Diabetes

Stefan Särnblad, MD, PHD1,2, Ulf Ekelund, PHD3,4 and Jan Åman, MD, PHD1,2

1 Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
2 Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
3 Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, U.K.
4 Department of Physical Education and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Stefan Särnblad, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, S-701 85 Örebro, Sweden. E-mail: stefan.sarnblad{at}webaid.nu

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to determine whether objectively measured physical activity and dietary macronutrient intake differentially predict body fat in adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes and control girls.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This study comprised 23 girls (12–19 years) with type 1 diabetes and 19 age-matched healthy control girls. At baseline, physical activity and energy intake were assessed for 7 consecutive days by accelerometry and a structured food diary, respectively. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after 1 year.

RESULTS—Fat intake was positively related to a 1-year change in percentage body fat (P = 0.006), after adjustment for total energy intake. No significant interaction was observed (case-control group x main exposure), indicating that the association between fat intake and gain in body fat was similar in both groups. Physical activity did not predict gain in body fat; however, total physical activity was positively associated with a gain in lean body mass (P < 0.01). Girls treated with six daily dosages of insulin increased their percentage of body fat significantly more than those treated with four daily injections (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS—In this prospective case-control study, we found that fat intake predicted gain in percentage of body fat in both adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes and healthy control girls. The number of daily insulin injections seems to influence the accumulation of body fat in girls with type 1 diabetes.


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Copyright © 2006 by the American Diabetes Association.