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Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30 Three Times Daily Is More Effective Than a Twice-Daily Regimen, Without Increasing Hypoglycemia, in Chinese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Oral Antidiabetes Drugs

¹ Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
² Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, 4th Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
³ Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
⁴ Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
⁵ Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Wuhan, China
⁶ Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
⁷ Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Disease Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
⁸ Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yixian Commemorative Hospital, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, China

Corresponding author: Professor Wenying Yang, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing, China. E-mail: yangwenying1707{at}yahoo.com.cn

OBJECTIVE—To assess the efficacy and safety of twice- and thrice-daily biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) in Chinese subjects with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetes drugs (OADs).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In this 24-week, multicenter, parallel-group, randomized, treat-to-target study, 321 Chinese insulin-naïve subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (fasting blood glucose 7.8 mmol/l and A1C 7.5%) were randomized (1:1) to twice- or thrice-daily (BID and TID groups, respectively) BIAsp 30 without OADs. Initial insulin doses were based on fasting blood glucose at randomization. Insulin dose was adjusted with algorithm-controlled titration to achieve premeal blood glucose of 4.4–6.1 mmol/l.

RESULTS—A1C decreased significantly in both groups (BID group –2.48 ± 0.07%; TID group –2.81 ± 0.07%). Thrice-daily BIAsp 30 showed superiority in A1C improvement (–0.33% [95% CI –0.53 to –0.13]; P < 0.01) and helped more subjects achieve A1C targets <7% (BID group 51.3% vs. TID group 65.8%; P < 0.01). Thrice-daily BIAsp 30 was more effective in subjects with baseline A1C 9% (<7%: BID group 41.5% vs. TID group 58.3%; P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in rates of overall and nocturnal major and minor hypoglycemia per subject year between groups. No significant differences in weight gain (BID group 3.87 ± 0.28 kg; TID group 4.09 ± 0.27 kg) and mean daily insulin doses (BID group 0.82 ± 0.28 units/kg; TID group 0.86 ± 0.34 units/kg) were observed.

CONCLUSIONS—Twice- and thrice-daily BIAsp 30 were effective in Chinese insulin-naïve subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Thrice-daily BIAsp 30 offered greater reduction in A1C without increasing risk of hypoglycemia, insulin dose, and weight gain, especially in subjects with A1C 9%.

Abbreviations: BIAsp 30, biphasic insulin aspart 30 • OAD, oral antidiabetes drug • SMBG, self-monitored blood glucose

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